On this animation, you can see a proton (in magenta) coming from the
right and an electron (in blue) coming from the left. The proton is made
up of three quarks (Green, red and blue) and as the phenomena that interests
us occurs t the quarks sclae, we can see the proton just as a group of
quarks.
The electron hits one of these quarks. The three quarks are scattered
into a direction whereas the is transformed in an elusive neutrino (here
in magenta but undetectable in usual detectors). As the particle that made
the interaction between the electron and the quarks was charged (electron
as a charge -1, whereas neutrino is neutral), this is called a Charged
Current Deep Inelastic Scattering.